船长浅谈巴西更换卫生证书注意事项
作者：卢国鹏 船长
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随着新冠疫情结束，越来越多的港口官员上船检查，巴西港口卫生检疫也是出名的严格，我轮刚在巴西更新了卫控证书SSCEC，今天就简单谈一谈巴西SANTOS港更换卫生证书的一些注意事项。
本文分两部分，一是代理发来的具体要求，图文并茂长达19条。比如防切手套，脚踏垃圾桶，每个卫生间都要有全套东西，淡水化验，害虫管理……，具体细节到比如冰箱只能放食品、不能有电池、工具、502胶等，肯定要一条一条提前准备。二是卫检人员上船后，具体检查的场所以及细节。总结出来，希望对到巴西港更新卫生证书的船舶有所帮助。
第一部分 代理发来的具体要求
抵港前需要提前联系港口代理，此港是否可以更换卫生证书，并且查一下港口是否在经过IHR授权的最新办理船舶卫生证书的全球港口清单里面IHR List of Authorized ports to issue Ship Sanitation Certificates（WHO）
发送邮件申请以后，代理需要提前向当地检疫部门申请，确认更换卫生证书，代理将会把以下注意事项发送到船上，信息如下：
please see below items which is normally checked by Sanitary Authority on the inspection or documental analysis.
1) Toilet flush must be working properly and without any problem.厕所冲水保持好用。
2) Please place on hospital/galley compartment wastebasket with pedal type as per below:医院&厨房垃圾桶一定要用脚踏式的，船上没有可以联系代理进行购买，检查前备齐即可。
3)Remove all kinds of cleaning materials from galley /provisions store such as materials used for cleaning floor, glass, etc...厨房不允许有清洁材料（如洗洁精，地板清洁剂等）。
4) Air conditioning room, must be duly clean without any kind of clothes/materials.空调间不要存杂物（如衣服&备件等）。
5) Kindly be informed that port health are very strictly when checking the medical log book, therefore, in case of any medicine consumption during voyage, kindly inform to us prior vessel's arrival，严格检查药品使用记录。
6) To replace containers used to store foods on provisions store from pasteboard to plastics and identify all items with labels in English language.伙食库使用塑料筐放置蔬菜，并且用英文标注名称。
7) Be assured that sewage treatment system is working in good order/properly. Fyg, during port health clearance on board, the port health boarding officers require a sample of chemical product being used to treat vessel’s holding tanks or sewage treatment system.
Make sure that tank’s pipe are not clogged up with chlorine tablets, if you treat water with chlorine.
Be clear when informing Health Authority that you introduce tablet by tablet carefully, one by one.
生活污水处理系统保持好用。
8) Kindly place liquid soap in the galley and hospital.洗手液放置在医院&厨房配餐间。
9) Common lavatories must have a “wash your hands” label close to the sinks.如何洗手需要张贴在公关洗手盆附近。
10) Port health inspector will ask for a potable water analysis certificate or a log book for the analysis being performed by the crew.官方淡水化验记录&船上自己的淡水化验记录。
11) Management plan for food safety (including food temperature record) updated.食品安全管理手册（包含库房温度记录）。
12) Management plan for vector control updated.有害生物控制管理计划，可以适当自己制作一个。
13) please ensure there will be a first aid kit in the galley, far and separated from the food;急救药箱在厨房，要和厨房食品分开&有IMO贴。
14) Sharp objects on galley must be placed in boxes and gloves for handling knifes must be available in the galley.厨房刀具要放在一个专用抽屉或者盒子里，并且要有链式手套。
15) Please provide 2 pedal basket bin, 1 for normal trash and 1 for biohazard trash as per below。 医院垃圾桶两个均为脚踏式，一个医用专用垃圾桶&一个平时用垃圾桶。
16) Refrigerator in the hospital must have a thermometer inside: 医院冰箱需要放置一个温度计。
17) If you there a refrigerator for crew in the Eng. Room, make sure that nothing except food will be inside, no battery, no tools, nothing!集控室冰箱只允许放食品，不能放有电池.工具等待。
18) Steel glove for cooking.
厨房用钢链式手套，一般船上都没有配备，需要提前联系代理进行购买，抵港办理手续时带上船。
19) Please ensure your water test kit is complete and log book is updated. 船上自己的淡水化验设备好用&保持记录。
图片 For your guidance port health authority will perform a detailed/rigid inspection on board the vessel and to avoid any possible heavy fine and/or berthing delay, suggest you to re-inspect galley/pharmacy, etc and keep separated in a closed plastic bag all expired foods, medicines (including 1st aids apparatus). Please destroy/incinerate all the possible expired things/items or keep it in closed plastic bags inside closed drums. Foods and medicines without any date (issue/expire) will be considered expired by health officers.
Make sure that containers used for garbage are dully closed, separated and identified.
All vessels proceeding from foreign ports to the port of Santos, must comply with the new regulation issued from Port Health Authority, informing that all garbage generated on board during the voyage must be stored in white garbage bags according to the article 7º section III. All vessels must have a garbage bin with automatic set pedal (to avoid touching) and with a white garbage bag on vessel's entrance/exit in order to discard safety equipment used by shore labors when leaving the vessel.
第二部分 登轮检查的具体项目
下面具体讲讲检疫人员上船以后，我轮本次检查的一下具体事项：
一名检疫人员上船，带上自己的一次性手套进入船舶生活区,来到办公室简单介绍一下以后，用A4纸写下需要船舶准备的材料，如下：
图片1.Fresh water analysis
Fresh water tanks cleaning logs
Fresh water tanks location
2.Air condition maintenance logs
3.Food safety manuals
4. medical log book
5.Cleaning Logs and procedures(All Areas)
6.Pest management plan and logs of actions
7.Garbage record book and garbage management plan
一.厨房，配餐间，伙食库房检查
首先来到厨房，详细检查所有的抽屉&橱柜，要保持干净卫生，抽屉中不能有工具等，检查厨房过滤油网，地漏下水状况，配餐间检查所有抽屉&橱柜，不允许有开口食品，如有要用保险膜封一下，垃圾桶是否为脚踏式，在检查过程中提及配餐间不要放置拖布，笤帚，簸箕等，伙食库房检查温度记录，是否摆放整齐，有无过期食品，尤其注意不要有食品放在地面上，天蓬有冷凝水集结的下方不要有食品。尤其是肉类，有时候外壳包装已看不到有效期，需要船上自己做一些标签注明一下，船上可以打印&塑封一下，注明是什么东西，哪里供应的，有效期即可。
二．公共卫生间检查
船上所有公共卫生间需要配备卫生纸，餐巾纸，洗手液，垃圾桶，张贴如何洗手。检查冲水&洗手盆是否好用。厕所里面也不要放有其他杂物，拖布等。
三. 垃圾站检查
垃圾站检查垃圾桶是否水密，是否和垃圾管理计划一致，在检查过程中询问我轮是否有垃圾房，我们一个桅房为垃圾房，检查官检查以后，提及垃圾房里面只能存放垃圾，不能有其他物品，如船舶备件等。
四．医院检查
医院地面卫生，随机抽查药品，是否和list一致，检查medical log book and certificate,厕所冲水，洗手盆，洗手液，餐巾纸，卫生纸。
五.空调间检查
检查空调间保养记录，不能放置任何杂物。
六.机舱生活污水处理系统检查
检查设备是否正常运行。
七.最后办公室检查相关文件记录
特别需要注意的有：
1.淡水舱清洁记录不要超过半年。
2.有害生物控制管理计划保持良好记录。
3.厨房抽屉&橱柜要保持特别干净，不能放杂物如一些平时修理管道的工具。
4.空调间不要存放备件等。
5.垃圾房只能放置垃圾。
在整个的检查过程中代理一直陪同，检查完以后，检疫人员并不在第一时间签发卫生证书，根据船上检查的实际情况开一些需要改正的地方，代理发送邮件到船，船上改正以后发给代理，最后检疫人员满意以后签发电子版卫生证书，电子证书也是由代理发送到船上。
以上就是本轮在巴西更换卫生证书的经历，仅供大家参考，也祝大家顺利换证，谢谢！
